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ENIAC was the first electronic multi-purpose computer. If I remember correctly, one of its tasks was building tables for artillery during WWII.
The difference engine, a mechanical computer, was built by Charles Babbage in the late 1800's. Like the Wright Brothers, he actually built on someone's earlier theoretical work and gained most of the credit by actually building a working prototype.
There is also the card based electro-mechanical tabulator that predated ENIAC by a few decades. This is what actually built IBM. It could sort and summarize punched cards. After ENIAC, the two technologies were merged and computers read the punched 'Hollerith' cards.
If you want to go farther afield, and consider astronomy computing instruments, you could include astrolabes and possibly even Stonehenge.
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