"Past research generally defines procrastination in negative terms, often considering it self-regulatory failure. In sharp contrast to most literature on procrastination, Chu and Choi (2005) found that some procrastinators, referred to as active procrastinators, are able to use procrastination productively. Modeled in part after Chu and Choi’s (2005) research, this study focused on how active and passive procrastinators vary in self-efficacy for learning and memory ability. Results showed that non-procrastinators had significantly higher self-efficacy than procrastinators, both overall and on all subscales. Active procrastinators had significantly higher self-efficacy for studying than those low on active procrastination. Additionally, results suggested that active procrastinators may score higher on memory performance than those low on active procrastination (these results approached significance). Therefore, this study supports the existence of active procrastinators as a distinct subgroup, and future research could consider examining other traits that may be unique to active procrastinators."
http://www.ufjps.com/spring2011/proc...elayed-recall/