There are definitely cultural factors too. But there are also historical factors. When a town or region developed and with what industry plays a major part in determining the kind of building that happened and still happens there.
In terms of planning restrictions - those are fairly modern. Mainly they were brought in as a response to some of the more negative results of unrestricted development. 'That wildlife belongs to the crown' is far less of a factor in building than the concerns of wildlife protection agencies. God help you if you haven't brought in a bat expert to do a bat report. I am not kidding.
It is also, generally, one of the most common reasons for large-scale public protests against developments. Protecting wildlife and preserving the land and ancient sites for future generations to enjoy. As with the infamous Twyford Down M3 development. That attitude is not shared by the conservative elite - who would prefer to monetise the land.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/gal...otest-pictures