July 17
180 –
Twelve inhabitants of Scillium (near Kasserine in modern-day Tunisia) in North Africa are executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world.
1429 –
Hundred Years' War:
Charles VII of France is crowned the King of France in the Reims Cathedral after a successful campaign by Joan of Arc.
1717 – King
George I of Great Britain sails down the River Thames with a barge of 50 musicians, where George Frideric Handel's
Water Music is premiered.
1762 –
Catherine The Great becomes tsar of Russia upon the murder of
Peter III of Russia.
1856 – The
Great Train Wreck of 1856 in Fort Washington, Pennsylvania, kills over 60 people.
1899 –
NEC Corporation is organized as the first Japanese joint venture with foreign capital.
1902 –
Willis Carrier creates the first
air conditioner in Buffalo, New York.
1917 –
King George V issues a Proclamation stating that the male line descendants of the British Royal Family will bear the surname
Windsor.
1918 –
Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and
his immediate family and retainers are executed by Bolshevik Chekists at the
Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg, Russia.
The
RMS Carpathia, the ship that rescued the 705 survivors from the RMS Titanic, is sunk off Ireland by the German
SM U-55; five lives are lost.
1933 – After successfully crossing the Atlantic Ocean, the Lithuanian research aircraft
Lituanica crashes in Europe under mysterious circumstances.
1938 –
Douglas Corrigan takes off from Brooklyn to fly the "wrong way" to Ireland and becomes known as "Wrong Way" Corrigan.
1944 – World War II:
Napalm incendiary bombs are dropped for the first time by American
P-38 pilots on a fuel depot at Coutances, near Saint-Lô, France.
1945 – World War II: The main three leaders of the Allied nations,
Winston Churchill,
Harry S. Truman and
Joseph Stalin,
meet in the German city of Potsdam to decide the future of a defeated Germany.
1955 –
Disneyland is dedicated and opened by Walt Disney in Anaheim, California.
1959 -
Billie Holiday died in a New York City hospital from cirrhosis of the liver after years of alcohol abuse, aged 43. (While under arrest for heroin possession, with police officers stationed at the door to her room.) In the final years of her life, she had been progressively swindled out of her earnings, and she died with $0.70 in the bank.
1975 –
Apollo–Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock with each other in orbit marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the two nations.
1981 – The opening of the
Humber Bridge by Queen Elizabeth II in England.
A structural failure leads to the c
ollapse of a walkway at the Hyatt Regency in Kansas City, Missouri killing 114 people and injuring more than 200.
1989 – First flight of the
B-2 Spirit Stealth Bomber.
1996 –
TWA Flight 800: Off the coast of Long Island, New York, a Paris-bound TWA Boeing 747 explodes, killing all 230 on board.
2001 –
Concorde is brought back in to service nearly a year after
the July 2000 crash.
2014 –
Malaysia Airlines Flight 17, a Boeing 777, crashes near the border of Ukraine and Russia after being shot down. All 298 people on board are killed.
Births
1763 – John Jacob Astor; 1839 – Ephraim Shay (
Shay locomotive); 1889 – Erle Stanley Gardner (
Perry Mason); 1899 – James Cagney; 1912 – Art Linkletter; 1917 – Phyllis Diller; 1918 – Red Sovine; 1923 – John Cooper (co-founded the Cooper Car Company); 1935 – Diahann Carroll, Donald Sutherland; 1939 – Spencer Davis; 1949 – Geezer Butler
; 1951 – Lucie Arnaz; 1952 – David Hasselhoff, Nicolette Larson; 1954 – Angela Merkel; 1957 – Bruce Crump
; 1963 – John Ventimiglia ('Artie Bucco' on
The Sopranos); 1964 – Heather Langenkamp; 1965 – Craig Morgan; 1965 – Alex Winter ('Bill' from
Bill & Ted movies); 1968 – Bitty Schram; 1976 – Luke Bryan; 1979 – Mike Vogel ('Barbie' on
Under the Dome)
Deaths
1881 – Jim Bridger; 1887 – Dorothea Dix; 1918 –
Victims of the Shooting of the Romanov family; 1959 – Billie Holiday; 1961 – Ty Cobb; 1967 – John Coltrane; 1974 – Dizzy Dean; 1980 – Don "Red" Barry; 1988 – Bruiser Brody; 1995 – Juan Manuel Fangio
; 1996 – Chas Chandler
; 2001 – Katharine Graham (WaPo publisher); 2005 – Geraldine Fitzgerald; 2006 – Mickey Spillane; 2009 – Walter Cronkite; 2014 – Elaine Stritch