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The first and obvious problem with Bitcoin is its block chain. It can only process seven transactions per second. Visa alone processes ten thousand transactions per second. Its structure does not have such limits. That alone makes Bitcoin too limited to become legal tender.
More problems. Money must measure value. A currency that fluctuates wildly does not measure value; cannot be trusted. If Bitcoin is to become money, then 1636 Dutch tulips were also a good currency. 2005 SIVs and CDOs (even backed by sub-prime loans) were also money. Finance people were using those financial instruments to print money - until the inevitable crash happened a few years later.
Bitcoin is rarely used to buy things. Of maybe $2.4 billion transactions, estimates put $0.65 billion just for selling stolen credit cards, drugs, bogus medicines and other illegal transactions. Another $0.87 billion is estimated for gambling. And an unknown majority of that remaining money is believed to be speculation. That is not a healthy currency.
Third, a currency must be able to expand or contract with economy changes. Currencies backed by a central bank, through history, tend to be the most stable. During severe recessions, less currency is required. Bitcoin has no ability to change with economic conditions. So it is more popular as gambling chips rather than money.
And then fraud. For example, Quadrigacx, a Bitcoin exchange, suddenly went bankrupt when its founder (Gerard Cotton) died. Cotton had the only encryption keys. In trying to untangle the bankruptcy, it is now believed that all $165 million in deposits were missing eight months earlier. Bitcoin intentionally makes criminal investigations impossible; makes fraud easy, untraceable, and profitable.
Block chains may have use in other functions. But not as a replacement for legal tender. It was a good try. But, currently, it does not work.
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