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Tiki 05-12-2009 09:36 PM

Sciencegasm!
 
For posting links that give you a sciencegasm. Obviously.

Turin, my current darling, lecturing on his radical smell-receptor theory:

http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/l..._of_scent.html

xoxoxoBruce 05-13-2009 01:50 AM

Did you know if close your eyes and block your smell receptors, you can't taste the difference between an apple and a potato?

toranokaze 05-13-2009 11:11 AM

If it is based on pure vibrational energy I wonder if I can get light to smell.

Tiki 05-13-2009 12:06 PM

It's based on the frequency at which the molecules vibrate. Without a molecule to fit into the receptor that reads the vibrations, no.

monster 05-13-2009 08:43 PM

All I know about smell science is that thor's feet break all previously conjectured rules, and he's only 7.

Tiki 05-13-2009 10:54 PM

Technically, it's the vibration of the links between the atoms that make up the molecule.

lumberjim 05-13-2009 10:59 PM

would it be possible to block smells with a nose vibrator, then?

like those noise canceling headphones?

oh......check it out

toranokaze 05-15-2009 08:40 AM

Depending on the receptors it is vibrational energy, so any energy with the right vibration should work.

Tiki 05-15-2009 10:20 PM

Oh my god, no. The molecules actually have to fit into the receptor for the...


never mind.


:(

jinx 05-15-2009 10:27 PM

Are you thinking about poop molecules?

Tiki 05-16-2009 01:33 AM

poop fart butt :lol:

Elspode 05-16-2009 07:46 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by jinx (Post 566059)
Are you thinking about poop molecules?

So, basically, if you shove an unprotected toothbrush up your nose in the bathroom...

ZenGum 05-18-2009 02:25 AM

So far this week, not only has NASA rejigged the Hubble Space Telescope to keep it going for a few more years, but also the European Space Agency successfully launched the Herschel Space Observatory and Planck satellite on the same Arianne 5 rocket. This was high risk - two VERY expensive eggs in one basket - but they pulled it off.

We have eyes in the sky, pointing outwards from the Earth. This is good.

Well done to all those Whitecoat techno-boffins whose efforts made this possible. I'm sure most of them read the cellar.

Alluvial 05-19-2009 05:12 PM

Sixth sense - simply incredible.
 
Have y'all seen this? Device which makes your Blackberry look like a stone writing tablet. The device displays an interface in front of you on any flat surface. Query amazon to get a review of a book you're holding, check flight 'on-time' status from your boarding pass, google the name of a person standing in front of you.


http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/p...xth_sense.html

Tiki 05-19-2009 05:45 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Alluvial (Post 566864)
Have y'all seen this? Device which makes your Blackberry look like a stone writing tablet. The device displays an interface in front of you on any flat surface. Query amazon to get a review of a book you're holding, check flight 'on-time' status from your boarding pass, google the name of a person standing in front of you.


http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/p...xth_sense.html

SO FREAKING COOL WANT WANT WANT!

Alluvial 05-19-2009 05:50 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Tiki (Post 566871)
SO FREAKING COOL


Isn't it though?? I was just spellbound watching that demo.

regular.joe 05-19-2009 11:17 PM

I heart quantum mechanics.

http://www.physorg.com/news11087.html

Tiki 05-19-2009 11:28 PM

:lol:

Quantum physics always makes me laugh because even the physicists in charge are always kind of baffled.

toranokaze 05-20-2009 02:05 PM

QM is close to magic it just kind of works but not sure how.

My idea was to artificially simulate the receptors the same way to force a conformational change.

BigV 06-19-2009 01:47 PM

This just in:

Seattle intends to replace all 40,000 of its sodium vapor streetlights with LED streetlights.

Capitol Hill likes them, mostly.

City Light (local utility) press release from Mayor's office.

Quote:

SEATTLE - Mayor Greg Nickels announced today that Seattle will use federal stimulus funds to begin replacing all 40,000 residential streetlights in Seattle with energy- and cost-efficient LED (light-emitting diode) technology. Seattle is the first Washington city to finalize its stimulus plan for the new Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant (EECBG) program, paving the way for $6.1 million in funding for a variety of energy conservation programs.

...

"We have tested LED streetlights in our neighborhoods and they work. With these federal funds, we can now bring energy-saving lighting to more Seattle neighborhoods and I predict many other cities will follow our lead," said Councilmember Bruce Harrell, chair of the Energy and Technology Committee.

The full transition to replace streetlights with LED lights will take four to six years. LED lights use much less energy than the existing high-pressure sodium streetlights. Unlike ordinary incandescent bulbs, they don't have filaments that will burn out, and they don't get especially hot, which means a much higher percentage of the electrical power goes directly to providing light.

glatt 06-19-2009 01:50 PM

Since most LEDs on the market are highly directional, I wonder how this will impact light pollution. Presumably, they will only point the LEDs at the ground.

BigV 06-19-2009 02:21 PM

glatt, if you click on the first link, you will be taken to a neighborhood blog where they're discussing areas where these lights have already been installed. There are numerous comments there about the color, intensity, and coverage too. Yes, the leds themselves can be highly directional, but the reflector and lens/diffuser makes a huge impact on the spread of the available light. It is worth noting that in this trial area, they are evaluating lights from six different manufacturers.

classicman 06-19-2009 02:53 PM

Very interesting. This is a very positive step. Can the put some type of diffusers on them to spread the usable light emission?


Then again, which manufacturer donated the most money to their campaigns?

xoxoxoBruce 06-20-2009 08:37 PM

Most places pay a per light fee rather than meter the actual usage. I wonder how much the fee will change?

BigV 06-20-2009 11:16 PM

Who's paying xoB? For example, who's getting the bill for the light outside my house? I was under the impression it was the CITY, since they're illuminating the STREET.

But, what do I know?

classicman 06-21-2009 12:15 AM

If its the CITY, then you are paying with your taxes - right? And there should be a reduction in your taxes if a savings is realized. Hold your breath.

ZenGum 06-21-2009 12:40 AM

... reduction in taxes ... savings realized ...


:lol2:

xoxoxoBruce 06-21-2009 01:06 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by BigV (Post 576230)
Who's paying xoB? For example, who's getting the bill for the light outside my house? I was under the impression it was the CITY, since they're illuminating the STREET.

But, what do I know?

It is the city. The point is there is no meter to measure the amount of juice they use and charge accordingly. The city pays a flat yearly fee for each light, and it's substantial. If they are switching to lower consumption lights, they should renegotiate the charge per light with the utility company. duh.

classicman 06-21-2009 01:11 AM

and realize savings and reduce taxes???:eyebrow:

BigV 06-21-2009 12:43 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by xoxoxoBruce (Post 576252)
It is the city. The point is there is no meter to measure the amount of juice they use and charge accordingly. The city pays a flat yearly fee for each light, and it's substantial. If they are switching to lower consumption lights, they should renegotiate the charge per light with the utility company. duh.

Ah. I believe I have discovered the source of my confusion. Allow me to illuminate the local situation.

The City of Seattle is responsible for municipal functions such as streets and streetlights. But, with regard to delivery and paying for the power for such lights, the city has to do business with Seattle City Light, our local public power utility.
Quote:

Created by the citizens of Seattle in 1902, Seattle City Light has served our customers with electricity and related services for more than a century. Over the years we have worked very hard to keep Seattle's electricity affordable, reliable, and environmentally sound. Today Seattle City Light is a recognized national leader in energy efficiency and environmental stewardship. We look forward to continuing this tradition in the 21st century and beyond.

...

Public power is one of the oldest forms of electric utility ownership in the U.S. It is a gift inherited from past generations. Thanks to the Seattle voters who approved a bond issue to develop a hydroelectric facility on the Cedar River in 1902 — beginning of public power in Seattle, and the nation's first municipally owned hydro project. Thanks also to J.D. Ross, "Father of City Light" who supported public power. At Seattle City Light, we pride ourselves on serving our customers with public power.


What Is Public Power?

Like community schools, parks, and hospitals, public power systems are local institutions working together to meet local needs. Without earning a profit, public power systems operate to provide an essential public service at a reasonable cost. We are governed by elected Seattle officials, guided by public involvement, and supported by customer revenues, not taxes. In fact, the utility pays substantial taxes to state and local governments.
I know somebody's measuring it, but I think that any savings accrued would be enjoyed by the users and the providers, since we're one and the same. Just as if I purchased a new more economical vehicle, once I'd paid the capital costs, I would enjoy lower operating costs, since I am the one paying to power it and use it.

Perhaps my electrical rate would rise, but I doubt I'd see a change in my taxes that could be traced to these changes.

Regardless, this is a Sciencegasm for me. I have several years experience with led light sources and I'm a big fan. I know that the technology is more efficient and more durable. I have switched from incandescent lamps to led lamps in many applications, mostly portable, and I can't be happier. Fewer battery changes, and far fewer (in fact,*zero*) bulb changes in all the devices I've used.

I admit I have not made any household incandescent/fluorescent to led switchovers yet, but that has been mostly for cost reasons. But just as I have made the change from incandescent to fluorescent in the house as the cost per bulb has fallen, I expect to make another change when the led bulbs become reasonable.

tw 06-26-2009 07:55 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by BigV (Post 576344)
I admit I have not made any household incandescent/fluorescent to led switchovers yet, but that has been mostly for cost reasons. But just as I have made the change from incandescent to fluorescent in the house as the cost per bulb has fallen, I expect to make another change when the led bulbs become reasonable.

You have not done it because it does not yet exist economically. From Electronics Design Magazine of 9 April 2009:
Quote:

The Department of Energy is offering a prize of as much as $10 million to create the first solid-state replacement for the 60 W incandescent light bulb ... "
Sylvania recently offered one for consideration. Reliability still remains a problem.

LEDs have a 100,000 or 50,000 hour life expectancy. Life expectancy and efficiency numbers that fall quickly with higher power ratings. A low power LED would typically do 90 lumens per watt. A 100 watt incandescent bulb is 1500 lumens. A 20 watt compact fluorescent at 1500 lumens is 75 lumens per watt. LEDs at these lumen levels still are not competitive with compact fluorescent. A 180 watt sodium lamp is 27,000 lumens - or 150 lumens per watt. LEDs have a long way to go.

Now for history. No matter how many advances are made, we routinely spend 0.72% of GDP on lightning. Lights with greater efficiency did not mean less energy use. But it does mean an economic increase in productivity. How great? Varies significantly. Advances dur to LEDs (productivity increases) would be greatest in Africa. But the idea that LEDs will decrease energy consumption contradicts the lessons of history.

What factors cause lighting energy reduction? Increases in cost of energy or a reduction of living standards.

dar512 06-30-2009 03:13 PM

Chess set made of vacuum tubes.

classicman 06-30-2009 03:37 PM

That is awesome dar - great find! Makes me want to get back into playing chess. I have been out of the loop for a loooooong time.

ZenGum 07-01-2009 08:53 PM

Quote:

An optical transistor that uses one laser beam to control another could form the heart of a future generation of ultrafast light-based computers, say Swiss researchers.

Conventional computers are based on transistors, which allow one electrode to control the current moving through the device and are combined to form logic gates and processors. The new component achieves the same thing, but for laser beams, not electric currents.
...
...
...
To make their device, Vahid Sandoghdar and colleagues at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, suspended tetradecane, a hydrocarbon dye, in an organic liquid. They then froze the suspension to -272 °C using liquid helium – creating a crystalline matrix in which individual dye molecules could be targeted with lasers.

When a finely tuned orange laser beam is trained on a dye molecule, it efficiently soaks up most of it up – leaving a much weaker "output" beam to continue beyond the dye.

But when the molecule is also targeted with a green laser beam, it starts to produce strong orange light of its own and so boosts the power of the orange output beam.

This effect is down to the hydrocarbon molecule absorbing the green light, only to lose the equivalent energy in the form of orange light.

"That light constructively interferes with the incoming orange beam and makes it brighter," says Sandoghar's colleague Jaesuk Hwang.


More here. And pics.

ZenGum 07-01-2009 09:03 PM

Quote:

WHEN the supersonic car Bloodhound SSC streaks across the desert sometime in 2011 in its bid to break the land speed record, it will be powered by no fewer than three different types of engine.

A rocket will boost the car to around 1200 kilometres per hour, (Mach 1) while a Eurofighter jet engine will provide more controllable thrust to coax it up to 1600 km/h (1000 miles per hour). Finally, the car is equipped with a V12 petrol engine to pump the fuel and provide electrical and hydraulic power to the jet and rocket.

It needs a V12 for auxillary power??? HFS!

More here, pics and vids.

Wow, I'm having a multi-science-gasmic morning.

ZenGum 07-27-2009 12:05 AM

I love it when Star Trek comes to life.

Quote:

Transparent aluminium, a sci-fi material brought to 20th century Earth by the crew of The Enterprise in Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home, turns out to exist after all - if you see in X-rays.

To create this exotic state of matter, researchers at the FLASH facility in Hamburg, Germany, took a thin piece of aluminium foil and blasted it with an X-ray laser that can generate about 10 million gigawatts of power per square centimetre.

[Doc! Doc! What the hell is a gigawatt?]


At standard temperature and pressure, solid aluminium is a lattice of ions, with a sea of free electrons in between. The FLASH beam had enough energy to knock an electron out of each ion and set it free, while the photon got absorbed in the process.

Normally in a solid metal, another electron will instantly take the place of the missing one. Flash is so powerful that it can rip an electron out of every atom before others have a chance to replace them. With one electron removed, the remaining electrons around each ion settle into a different configuration, becoming too tightly bound for the laser to remove.

That means the X-ray photons can't be easily absorbed, and they fly straight through the material, making the previously opaque aluminium transparent to X-rays.

This state doesn't last long, though. Within fractions of a nanosecond, the energy pumped into the electrons is delivered to the ions, and the ions fly apart violently. "As soon as you make it, the stuff blows up," says Justin Wark of the University of Oxford.

But for an instant, Wark and his team can create a new state of matter that is as dense as ordinary solid matter, but extremely hot. "That is the sort of matter you would get towards the centre of a giant planet," says Wark.

The team hopes to study the properties of this hot, dense matter using new, more powerful lasers such as the Linac Coherent Light Source at Stanford, California. These lasers produce higher-energy X-rays that could probe the structure of the new material and measure its properties – perhaps providing some insight into the heart of Jupiter and the other giant planets.


ZenGum 08-12-2009 10:15 PM

The full article is too long to paste, but here is the link.


The idea is to fight viruses, not by attacking proteins on the surface of the virus itself (the current method, which is vulnerable to the viruses making tiny mutations) but by turning off one of the protiens in the host cells which the virus relies on to reproduce. The advantages are (1) no resitance to the drugs and (2) broad spectrum antivirals, including "on the shelf" treatments for new diseases before they even emerge.

Some highlights:

Quote:

They are working on an entirely new class of antiviral drugs that should do something seemingly impossible: work against a wide range of existing viruses and also be effective against viruses that have not even evolved yet. What's more, it should be extremely difficult for any virus to become resistant to these drugs.

SNIP

Back in the late 1990s, when Goldblatt was at DARPA, he began to wonder whether there was another strategy, one that exploits the key weakness of all viruses: their utter dependence on their hosts. By themselves, viruses are more helpless than newborn babies. They can replicate only by tricking their host cells into making more copies of them, a process that can involve hundreds of host proteins.

What if, Goldblatt wondered, some host proteins are essential for viral replication but not for the survival of the host? If so, disabling these proteins should block viral replication without killing healthy cells.

SNIP

Dubbed FGI-104, the drug inhibits a wide range of viruses in cell culture, including hepatitis C and HIV, and has also been shown to protect mice against Ebola

SNIP

So far, the researchers have identified more than 30 viruses that rely on TSG101, from a wide range of virus families. The antibody binds to cells infected with all those they have tested, including flu, Ebola, HIV and herpes, and also reduces HIV below detectable levels in human cells in culture.

SNIP

Like the antibody, this drug also works against a number of viruses, including Marburg and parainfluenza, with no apparent serious side effects.

SNIP

One compound, for example, has been shown to be effective against six different flaviviruses in tests in cell cultures, including dengue fever, yellow fever, West Nile fever and hepatitis C. In all, the company is developing drugs targeting 14 of the 21 virus families known to cause human disease...

SNIP

The company developing bavituximab, Peregrine Pharmaceuticals of Tustin, California, is now testing it against a variety of other viruses, including HIV, hepatitis C, influenza, measles and members of the smallpox and rabies virus families. So far, every virus they have checked has left a phosphatidylserine footprint. "We feel like there's a good potential that they'll all have it exposed," says the head of Peregrine, Steven King. If he is right, drugs like bavituximab could help fight every known human virus.

I'm sending a heads-up to the Nobel Prize committee...

ZenGum 08-18-2009 07:13 AM

So, since it seems I have this thread all to myself, I'm gonna have some FUN science in it too.

Via the BBC.


Quote:

Science ponders 'zombie attack'

If zombies actually existed, an attack by them would lead to the collapse of civilisation unless dealt with quickly and aggressively.

That is the conclusion of a mathematical exercise carried out by researchers in Canada.

They say only frequent counter-attacks with increasing force would eradicate the fictional creatures.

The scientific paper is published in a book - Infectious Diseases Modelling Research Progress.

In books, films, video games and folklore, zombies are undead creatures, able to turn the living into other zombies with a bite.

But there is a serious side to the work.

In some respects, a zombie "plague" resembles a lethal rapidly-spreading infection.

In their study, the researchers from the University of Ottawa and Carleton University (also in Ottawa) posed a question: If there was to be a battle between zombies and the living, who would win?

Professor Robert Smith? (the question mark is part of his surname and not a typographical mistake) and colleagues wrote: "We model a zombie attack using biological assumptions based on popular zombie movies.

"We introduce a basic model for zombie infection and illustrate the outcome with numerical solutions."

On his university web page, the mathematics professor at Ottawa University says the question mark distinguishes him from Robert Smith, lead singer of rock band The Cure.

To give the living a fighting chance, the researchers chose "classic" slow-moving zombies as our opponents rather than the nimble, intelligent creatures portrayed in some recent films.

"While we are trying to be as broad as possible in modelling zombies - especially as there are many variables - we have decided not to consider these individuals," the researchers said.

Back for good?

Even so, their analysis revealed that a strategy of capturing or curing the zombies would only put off the inevitable.

In their scientific paper, the authors conclude that humanity's only hope is to "hit them [the undead] hard and hit them often".

They added: "It's imperative that zombies are dealt with quickly or else... we are all in a great deal of trouble."

According to the researchers, the key difference between the zombies and the spread of real infections is that "zombies can come back to life".

But they say that their work has parallels with, for example, the spread of ideas.

The study has been welcomed by one of the world's leading disease specialists, Professor Neil Ferguson, who is one of the UK government's chief advisors on controlling the spread of swine flu.

"The paper considers something that many of us have worried about - particularly in our younger days - of what would be a feasible way of tackling an outbreak of a rapidly spreading zombie infection," said Professor Ferguson, from Imperial College London.

However he thinks that some of the assumptions made in the paper might be unduly alarmist.

"My understanding of zombie biology is that if you manage to decapitate a zombie then it's dead forever. So perhaps they are being a little over-pessimistic when they conclude that zombies might take over a city in three or four days," he said.

I'm disappointed that there is no rigorous comparison of the relative merits of decapitation, flamethrowers, and a shotgun blast to the brain stem.

Scriveyn 08-24-2009 05:43 AM

Also via the BBC:

Quote:

Video appears in paper magazines

Magazine publishers are beginning to experiment with new technologies

The first-ever video advertisement will be published in a traditional paper magazine in September.

The video-in-print ads will appear in select copies of the US show business title Entertainment Weekly.

The slim-line screens - around the size of a mobile phone display - also have rechargeable batteries.

The chip technology used to store the video - described as similar to that used in singing greeting cards - is activated when the page is turned.

Each chip can hold up to 40 minutes of video.

The first clips will preview programmes from US TV network CBS and show adverts by the drinks company Pepsi.

They will appear in 18 September editions of the magazine distributed in Los Angeles and New York. ....

ZenGum 08-24-2009 07:35 AM

Cool technology, but that is a lot of potentially reusable resources to build into a single use magazine.

Scriveyn 08-26-2009 02:06 AM

Steam Car ...
 
... or the fastest tea kettle evah.

Quote:

A team of British engineers has broken the longest-standing world land speed record in California.

The steam car, Inspiration, recorded an average speed of 139.843mph (225.06km/h) at Edwards air base, in the Mojave Desert, smashing the 1906 record. .... a true testament to British engineering, good teamwork and perseverance. ... [read in full at BBC news]

xoxoxoBruce 08-26-2009 02:31 AM

I met Fred Marriot when he wrapped the boiler for my uncle's car. He showed me the pictures of his crash, doing 140 to 150, the year after he set the record.

ZenGum 09-07-2009 01:26 AM

Pneumatic microprocessor

http://www.newscientist.com/article/...-thin-air.html

regular.joe 12-01-2009 03:43 PM

I know I already said this once.

I HEART Quantum Mechanics!

1. INTRODUCTION
During the last decade, several experiments have
indicated the existence of correlations between brain
electrical activities of emphatically bonded but
spatially separated and sensory isolated human
subjects. In the first of these experiments, performed
by Grinberg-Zylberbaum et al., it was shown that
neural events stimulated in one human brain (visual
evoked potentials — VEPs) can induce neural events
of similar morphology (“transferred potentials”) in
the brain of a nonstimulated subject if the subjects
have interacted nonverbally in some fashion (for
example, by meditating together for a certain time)
prior to their separation inside their own Faraday
chambers (FCs).(1) Technically, protocolary, and methodologically
improved, the Grinberg-Zylberbaum et al.
experiments (GZEs) have been subsequently successfully
replicated by two research groups: the first in cooperation
between the Bastyr University and the University
of Washington,(2,3,4) under a two-year research grant
awarded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH),
and most recently by a group at the Freiburg University.(
5,6) The two groups confirmed the existence of
the phenomenon, although the latter group raised
certain questions about the original GZEs. Namely,
the Freiburg group found that the results were the
same or even better for pairs of subjects who had not
interacted in any fashion as were the results for those
pairs who had interacted prior to the experimental
sessions, and that the transferred potentials were not
necessarily of a morphology similar to the original
VEPs in the stimulated subjects, so a more sophisticated
data-analytic technique was necessary to detect
an effect opposing the null hypothesis. However, they
nevertheless concluded that “we are facing a phenomenon
which is neither easy to dismiss as a
methodological failure or a technical artifact nor
understood as to its nature” (Ref. 6, pp. 63–64). Due
to a strong analogy to the existence of quantummechanical
nonlocal correlations between onceinteracting
but subsequently also spatially separated
elementary particles, and due to the fact that subjects’
separation inside FCs rules out any electromagnetic or
neural energy transfer mechanism, the phenomenon
has been referred to as the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen
(EPR) nonlocal correlations between human brains,(1)
or simply the “biological nonlocality.”(7,8)

Quoted from: Physics Essays. A Proposed Experiment on Consciousness-Related
Quantum Teleportation
Boris Kožnjak


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